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This carefully curated collection of MCQs on the Comparative Study of Major Religions for the Central Superior Services (CSS) examination is designed to equip candidates with a nuanced understanding of the world’s major religious traditions. Covering essential topics such as beliefs, practices, historical developments, and inter-religious dynamics, these questions aim to foster a comprehensive knowledge base that is crucial for success in the CSS exams.

Who Should Practice Comparative Study of Major Religions MCQs?

  • CSS aspirants: Ideal for candidates preparing for the CSS examination who wish to excel in the Comparative Study of Major Religions section.
  • Students of religious studies and social sciences: Beneficial for individuals pursuing academic interests in religion, culture, and societal impacts.
  • Job seekers in public service: Perfect for those aiming for positions in government where understanding diverse religious perspectives is essential.
  • Individuals interested in interfaith dialogue: Suitable for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of various religious traditions and promote tolerance and respect among different faiths.

 

1. What is the definition of religion?

A) A belief in a higher power
B) A system of beliefs and practices
C) A cultural system
D) All of the above

View Answer
D

 

2. Which discipline studies religion academically?

A) Sociology
B) Theology
C) Anthropology
D) All of the above

View Answer
D

 

3. What is the primary focus of the theological study of religion?

A) Rituals and practices
B) Sacred texts
C) Beliefs about the divine
D) Historical developments

View Answer
C

 

4. Which of the following is considered a major world religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Jainism
C) Zoroastrianism
D) All of the above

View Answer
A

 

5. Hinduism primarily emerged from which ancient civilization?

A) Mesopotamian
B) Indus Valley
C) Egyptian
D) Chinese

View Answer
B

 

6. The Vedic Dharma is associated with which phase of Hinduism?

A) Prehistoric
B) Ancient
C) Medieval
D) Modern

View Answer
B

 

7. Which scripture is considered Sruti in Hinduism?

A) Mahabharata
B) Vedas
C) Manu Smirti
D) Puranas

View Answer
B

 

8. What does the term ‘Moksha’ refer to in Hindu beliefs?

A) Rebirth
B) Liberation
C) Karma
D) Dharma

View Answer
B

 

9. The three paths to liberation in Hinduism are Karma, Jnana, and what?

A) Bhakti
B) Dhyana
C) Artha
D) Shakti

View Answer
A

 

10. Who is considered the creator god in Hinduism?

A) Vishnu
B) Shiva
C) Brahma
D) Ganesh

View Answer
C

 

11. Which sect of Hinduism emphasizes the worship of Vishnu?

A) Saivism
B) Shaktism
C) Vaishnavism
D) Jainism

View Answer
C

 

12. What social structure is integral to Hindu society?

A) Class system
B) Caste system
C) Feudal system
D) Clan system

View Answer
B

 

13. Which of the following is a major Buddhist text?

A) Vedas
B) Tripitaka
C) Quran
D) Bible

View Answer
B

 

14. The Four Noble Truths are central to which religion?

A) Hinduism
B) Buddhism
C) Judaism
D) Islam

View Answer
B

 

15. What is the term for the community of monks in Buddhism?

A) Sangha
B) Dhamma
C) Buddha
D) Vihara

View Answer
A

 

16. Which of the following represents a key teaching of Buddhism?

A) Karma
B) Reincarnation
C) The Eightfold Path
D) Moksha

View Answer
C

 

17. What is the Jewish holy text called?

A) Bible
B) Tanakh
C) Quran
D) Bhagavad Gita

View Answer
B

 

18. Who is considered the father of Judaism?

A) Jesus
B) Muhammad
C) Abraham
D) Moses

View Answer
C

 

19. What is the significance of Yom Kippur in Judaism?

A) Celebration of freedom
B) Day of atonement
C) Festival of lights
D) Harvest festival

View Answer
B

 

20. Which of the following is a Christian sacrament?

A) Baptism
B) Bar Mitzvah
C) Puja
D) Ashram

View Answer
A

 

21. Who is the central figure of Christianity?

A) Moses
B) Buddha
C) Jesus Christ
D) Muhammad

View Answer
C

 

22. What is the Christian holiday celebrating the resurrection of Jesus called?

A) Advent
B) Christmas
C) Easter
D) Pentecost

View Answer
C

 

23. The doctrine of the Trinity is unique to which religion?

A) Judaism
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Hinduism

View Answer
C

 

24. What does ‘Tawhid’ refer to in Islam?

A) The Holy Book
B) The Oneness of God
C) The Prophets
D) The Community

View Answer
B

 

25. Which pillar of Islam involves fasting during Ramadan?

A) Salah
B) Zakah
C) Sawm
D) Hajj

View Answer
C

 

26. Who is regarded as the last prophet in Islam?

A) Jesus
B) Moses
C) Muhammad
D) Abraham

View Answer
C

 

27. The Hadith refers to what in Islam?

A) Islamic law
B) Sayings of the Prophet
C) The holy city
D) Sacred prayers

View Answer
B

 

28. Which of the following is a primary Jewish festival?

A) Eid al-Fitr
B) Passover
C) Diwali
D) Christmas

View Answer
B

 

29. Which religion emphasizes meditation as a key practice?

A) Christianity
B) Buddhism
C) Judaism
D) Islam

View Answer
B

 

30. In Hinduism, what is ‘Dharma’?

A) Fate
B) Duty
C) Knowledge
D) Liberation

View Answer
B

 

31. The term ‘Moksha’ is often associated with what concept in Hinduism?

A) Enlightenment
B) Liberation from the cycle of birth
C) Rituals
D) Ethical living

View Answer
B

 

32. Which Buddhist sect is known as the “Greater Vehicle”?

A) Theravada
B) Mahayana
C) Zen
D) Vajrayana

View Answer
B

 

33. What is the significance of the Talmud in Judaism?

A) Sacred text
B) Code of ethics
C) Interpretation of the Torah
D) All of the above

View Answer
D

 

34. Which Christian denomination is known for its emphasis on tradition?

A) Protestantism
B) Eastern Orthodoxy
C) Anglicanism
D) Evangelicalism

View Answer
B

 

35. The Jewish New Year is called what?

A) Yom Kippur
B) Rosh Hashanah
C) Passover
D) Sukkot

View Answer
B

 

36. What do Christians celebrate during Advent?

A) Jesus’ resurrection
B) The birth of Jesus
C) The Ascension
D) The Epiphany

View Answer
B

 

37. The concept of Karma is primarily associated with which religions?

A) Christianity and Judaism
B) Hinduism and Buddhism
C) Islam and Christianity
D) Jainism and Sikhism

View Answer
B

 

38. The Ashramas in Hinduism refer to what?

A) Stages of life
B) Types of worship
C) Sacred texts
D) Forms of meditation

View Answer
A

 

39. What is the main focus of the Christian practice of Eucharist?

A) Prayer
B) Community
C) Remembering the Last Supper
D) Worship of Mary

View Answer
C

 

40. The First Council of Nicaea is significant for which religion?

A) Judaism
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Islam

View Answer
C

 

41. What does the term ‘Halakha’ refer to in Judaism?

A) Ritual prayer
B) Jewish law
C) Religious music
D) Sacred text

View Answer
B

 

42. Which Hindu text discusses the moral and philosophical aspects of life?

A) Vedas
B) Upanishads
C) Ramayana
D) Bhagavad Gita

View Answer
B

 

43. Who is the founder of Buddhism?

A) Mahavira
B) Gautama Buddha
C) Confucius
D) Laozi

View Answer
B

 

44. What is a key teaching of Judaism regarding the nature of God?

A) Polytheism
B) Monotheism
C) Pantheism
D) Atheism

View Answer
B

 

45. The concept of ‘Original Sin’ is associated with which religion?

A) Judaism
B) Islam
C) Christianity
D) Hinduism

View Answer
C

 

46. What is the primary sacred text of Islam?

A) The Bible
B) The Vedas
C) The Quran
D) The Tripitaka

View Answer
C

 

47. In which religion is the concept of ‘Nirvana’ found?

A) Hinduism
B) Buddhism
C) Islam
D) Christianity

View Answer
B

 

48. The Jewish festival of Sukkot celebrates what?

A) The Exodus
B) The harvest
C) The Day of Atonement
D) The New Year

View Answer
B

 

49. Which of the following is NOT one of the Five Pillars of Islam?

A) Shahadah
B) Hajj
C) Zakah
D) Jihad

View Answer
D

 

50. What do the followers of Jainism believe in strongly?

A) Reincarnation
B) Monotheism
C) Atman
D) The Trinity

View Answer
A

 

51. What is a major belief in Hindu philosophy regarding the soul?

A) The soul is permanent and unchanging
B) The soul is a temporary illusion
C) The soul is reincarnated based on karma
D) The soul does not exist

View Answer
C

 

52. The religious authority in Orthodox Judaism is primarily held by whom?

A) Rabbi
B) Priest
C) Imam
D) Monk

View Answer
A

 

53. What is the central theme of the Mahabharata?

A) The creation of the universe
B) The battle for dharma
C) The life of Buddha
D) The stories of the prophets

View Answer
B

 

54. Which of the following is a sacred site for Christians?

A) Ganges River
B) Mount Sinai
C) Mecca
D) Bethlehem

View Answer
D

 

55. The Jewish festival of Hanukkah celebrates what event?

A) The Exodus
B) The Maccabean Revolt
C) The Day of Atonement
D) The New Year

View Answer
B

 

56. Which of the following religions is known for its teachings on non-violence?

A) Christianity
B) Buddhism
C) Hinduism
D) Islam

View Answer
B

 

57. In Islam, who is recognized as the first prophet?

A) Noah
B) Ibrahim (Abraham)
C) Musa (Moses)
D) Muhammad

View Answer
B

 

58. The term ‘Zakah’ refers to what in Islam?

A) Pilgrimage
B) Fasting
C) Almsgiving
D) Prayer

View Answer
C

 

59. What is the primary focus of the Upanishads in Hinduism?

A) Ritual practices
B) Philosophical concepts
C) Historical narratives
D) Laws of conduct

View Answer
B

 

60. Which of the following is a common characteristic of monotheistic religions?

A) Belief in multiple gods
B) Sacred texts
C) Focus on rituals
D) Belief in a single deity

View Answer
D

 

61. The Dalai Lama is a spiritual leader in which religion?

A) Hinduism
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Islam

View Answer
B

 

62. The Ten Commandments are associated with which religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Hinduism
C) Christianity
D) Judaism

View Answer
D

 

63. Which festival commemorates the birth of Jesus Christ?

A) Easter
B) Christmas
C) Hanukkah
D) Ramadan

View Answer
B

 

64. The concept of ‘Ahimsa’ refers to what in Hinduism?

A) Non-violence
B) Truthfulness
C) Charity
D) Forgiveness

View Answer
A

 

65. What does ‘Buddhism’ literally mean?

A) The path of the wise
B) The teachings of Buddha
C) The religion of the enlightened
D) The way of awakening

View Answer
D

 

66. In Judaism, what does the term ‘Messiah’ refer to?

A) A prophet
B) A king
C) A savior
D) A teacher

View Answer
C

 

67. Which Christian denomination is known for its emphasis on faith alone?

A) Catholicism
B) Protestantism
C) Orthodoxy
D) Anglicanism

View Answer
B

 

68. The Kabbalah is a form of mystical thought in which religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Islam
C) Christianity
D) Judaism

View Answer
D

 

69. Which of the following texts contains the teachings of Jesus?

A) The Quran
B) The Bible
C) The Upanishads
D) The Tripitaka

View Answer
B

 

70. What is the significance of the Wailing Wall in Judaism?

A) Place of prayer
B) Sacred text location
C) Site of the Last Supper
D) Birthplace of Abraham

View Answer
A

 

71. In Islam, what does ‘Jihad’ primarily mean?

A) Holy war
B) Struggle or effort
C) Religious pilgrimage
D) Fasting

View Answer
B

 

72. The concept of ‘Tzimtzum’ in Kabbalistic thought refers to what?

A) Creation
B) God’s withdrawal
C) Redemption
D) Prayer

View Answer
B

 

73. Which Hindu festival celebrates the victory of light over darkness?

A) Holi
B) Diwali
C) Makar Sankranti
D) Pongal

View Answer
B

 

74. The followers of which religion practice ‘samsara’?

A) Judaism
B) Buddhism
C) Hinduism
D) Both B and C

View Answer
D

 

75. Which of the following is NOT one of the Five Pillars of Islam?

A) Hajj
B) Zakah
C) Sawm
D) Jihad

View Answer
D

 

76. In Christianity, the concept of ‘Salvation’ refers to what?

A) Eternal life
B) Rebirth
C) Enlightenment
D) Spiritual growth

View Answer
A

 

77. The Upanishads are primarily concerned with what type of knowledge?

A) Historical
B) Ritual
C) Philosophical
D) Mythological

View Answer
C

 

78. The Sufism movement is associated with which religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Islam
C) Christianity
D) Judaism

View Answer
B

 

79. Which religious tradition is known for its dietary laws called Kashrut?

A) Islam
B) Buddhism
C) Hinduism
D) Judaism

View Answer
D

 

80. The term ‘Puja’ refers to what practice in Hinduism?

A) Meditation
B) Prayer and worship
C) Fasting
D) Study of scriptures

View Answer
B

 

81. In Buddhism, the term ‘Sangha’ refers to what?

A) The community of monks
B) The teachings of Buddha
C) The path to enlightenment
D) The ethical code

View Answer
A

 

82. Which of the following religions has a sacred text called the Quran?

A) Christianity
B) Judaism
C) Islam
D) Hinduism

View Answer
C

 

83. What does the term ‘Sharia’ refer to in Islam?

A) Tradition
B) Sacred law
C) Ethics
D) Worship

View Answer
B

 

84. The term ‘Apostle’ is primarily associated with which religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Hinduism
C) Christianity
D) Judaism

View Answer
C

 

85. What is the main purpose of meditation in Buddhism?

A) To gain knowledge
B) To achieve enlightenment
C) To perform rituals
D) To seek community

View Answer
B

 

86. Which concept refers to the moral law of cause and effect in Buddhism and Hinduism?

A) Dharma
B) Karma
C) Moksha
D) Samsara

View Answer
B

 

87. The Ark of the Covenant is significant in which religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Hinduism
C) Judaism
D) Islam

View Answer
C

 

88. The doctrine of reincarnation is primarily associated with which religions?

A) Judaism and Christianity
B) Buddhism and Hinduism
C) Islam and Christianity
D) Sikhism and Jainism

View Answer
B

 

89. What is the role of a Rabbi in Judaism?

A) Spiritual leader
B) Teacher of Torah
C) Community leader
D) All of the above

View Answer
D

 

90. The term ‘Hajj’ refers to what in Islam?

A) Fasting
B) Prayer
C) Pilgrimage to Mecca
D) Almsgiving

View Answer
C

 

91. Which of the following is a teaching of Confucianism, not a major religion?

A) Respect for elders
B) The Golden Rule
C) The Four Noble Truths
D) The Ten Commandments

View Answer
A

 

92. Which Christian denomination recognizes seven sacraments?

A) Protestantism
B) Eastern Orthodoxy
C) Anglicanism
D) All of the above

View Answer
B

 

93. The Great Schism divided which two branches of Christianity?

A) Catholicism and Protestantism
B) Catholicism and Orthodoxy
C) Anglicanism and Orthodoxy
D) Evangelicalism and Catholicism

View Answer
B

 

94. Which of the following concepts is unique to Hinduism?

A) The Trinity
B) Karma
C) Covenant
D) Original Sin

View Answer
B

 

95. The Jewish festival of Purim commemorates what event?

A) The Exodus
B) The saving of the Jewish people
C) The destruction of the temple
D) The Day of Atonement

View Answer
B

 

96. The Christian term for God’s unconditional love is called what?

A) Agape
B) Eros
C) Storge
D) Phileo

View Answer
A

 

97. Which of the following is NOT a key teaching of Buddhism?

A) The Middle Way
B) The Four Noble Truths
C) The Trinity
D) The Eightfold Path

View Answer
C

 

98. In Islam, what is the term for the community of believers?

A) Ummah
B) Sangha
C) Church
D) Temple

View Answer
A

 

99. The term ‘Bhakti’ refers to what in Hinduism?

A) Knowledge
B) Devotion
C) Rituals
D) Charity

View Answer
B

 

100. What is the primary focus of the Five Pillars of Islam?

A) Social justice
B) Acts of worship and belief
C) Moral law
D) Community service

View Answer
B
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