MDCAT Acids MCQs

A) Ethanoic acid
B) Propanoic acid
C) Butanoic acid
D) Methanoic acid

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2. Which of the following is a strong acid?

A) Acetic acid
B) Citric acid
C) Sulfuric acid
D) Formic acid

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3. Carboxylic acids are classified based on which criterion?

A) Number of carbon atoms
B) Number of functional groups
C) Degree of saturation
D) Presence of other functional groups

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4. What is the general formula for monocarboxylic acids?

A) CnH2nO2
B) CnH2n+1COOH
C) CnH2n+2O2
D) CnH2nO

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5. Which acid is known as the “king of acids”?

A) Hydrochloric acid
B) Nitric acid
C) Sulfuric acid
D) Phosphoric acid

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6. What physical property is typically observed in carboxylic acids?

A) High boiling points
B) Low volatility
C) Sweet smell
D) Non-polarity

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7. Which of the following acids is a dicarboxylic acid?

A) Acetic acid
B) Malonic acid
C) Formic acid
D) Lactic acid

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8. Which of the following is a common method for the preparation of carboxylic acids?

A) Oxidation of alcohols
B) Reduction of ketones
C) Hydrolysis of esters
D) All of the above

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9. What is the product of the reaction between sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid?

A) Water
B) Sodium acetate
C) Carbon dioxide
D) All of the above

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10. What type of reaction occurs when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol?

A) Hydrolysis
B) Esterification
C) Saponification
D) Neutralization

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11. Which functional group is present in carboxylic acids?

A) Hydroxyl
B) Carbonyl
C) Carboxyl
D) Amine

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12. What is the acidity trend for carboxylic acids?

A) Increases with molecular weight
B) Decreases with branching
C) Increases with electronegative substituents
D) Decreases with more hydroxyl groups

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13. Which carboxylic acid is found in vinegar?

A) Lactic acid
B) Acetic acid
C) Formic acid
D) Citric acid

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14. Which of the following acids is used in the manufacture of fertilizers?

A) Nitric acid
B) Sulfuric acid
C) Phosphoric acid
D) All of the above

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15. Which method can be used to convert a primary alcohol into a carboxylic acid?

A) Reduction
B) Oxidation
C) Esterification
D) Hydrolysis

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16. What is the product of the complete oxidation of a primary alcohol?

A) Aldehyde
B) Ketone
C) Carboxylic acid
D) Ether

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17. What is the name of the acid formed when carbon dioxide reacts with water?

A) Carbonic acid
B) Acetic acid
C) Citric acid
D) Sulfuric acid

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18. Which of the following is a characteristic reaction of carboxylic acids?

A) Formation of alkynes
B) Esterification
C) Diels-Alder reaction
D) Grignard reaction

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19. Which compound is produced when a carboxylic acid reacts with a base?

A) Salt
B) Ester
C) Alcohol
D) H2O

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20. What happens when a carboxylic acid is heated with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst?

A) Decarboxylation
B) Esterification
C) Neutralization
D) Hydrolysis

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21. Which of the following is the strongest acid?

A) Acetic acid
B) Formic acid
C) Benzoic acid
D) Lactic acid

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22. Which of the following compounds is a cyclic carboxylic acid?

A) Butyric acid
B) Valeric acid
C) Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid
D) Hexanoic acid

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23. Which reagent is used to convert carboxylic acids into aldehydes?

A) LiAlH4
B) DIBAL-H
C) NaBH4
D) H2/Pd

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24. Which type of acid is citric acid?

A) Monoacidic
B) Diacidic
C) Triacidic
D) Tetraacidic

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25. What is the general name for a carboxylic acid derived from a hydrocarbon?

A) Aromatic acid
B) Aliphatic acid
C) Fatty acid
D) Aromatic hydrocarbon

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26. What is the reaction between carboxylic acids and amines called?

A) Amide formation
B) Esterification
C) Hydrolysis
D) Neutralization

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27. Which of the following acids is used in pickling?

A) Hydrochloric acid
B) Acetic acid
C) Sulfuric acid
D) Nitric acid

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28. What is the structure of formic acid?

A) HCOOH
B) CH3COOH
C) C2H5COOH
D) C3H7COOH

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29. Which of the following acids is a natural preservative?

A) Citric acid
B) Tartaric acid
C) Acetic acid
D) All of the above

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30. Which type of reaction occurs when a carboxylic acid reacts with a thionyl chloride?

A) Formation of an acid chloride
B) Formation of an ester
C) Hydrolysis
D) Oxidation

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31. What is the common name for 2-hydroxypropanoic acid?

A) Acetic acid
B) Lactic acid
C) Citric acid
D) Malic acid

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32. Which carboxylic acid has a pungent odor and is found in ant bites?

A) Formic acid
B) Acetic acid
C) Butyric acid
D) Propionic acid

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33. How do carboxylic acids generally react with metals?

A) To form oxides
B) To form salts and hydrogen gas
C) To form halides
D) To form alcohols

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34. What is the primary product when a carboxylic acid undergoes dehydration?

A) Aldehyde
B) Alkene
C) Ester
D) Anhydride

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35. Which reaction involves the formation of an ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol?

A) Fischer esterification
B) Diels-Alder reaction
C) Aldol condensation
D) Michael addition

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36. Which of the following acids is a key component of DNA and RNA?

A) Formic acid
B) Phosphoric acid
C) Acetic acid
D) Lactic acid

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37. What is the effect of increasing the number of carbon atoms on the boiling point of carboxylic acids?

A) Decreases boiling point
B) Increases boiling point
C) No effect
D) Depends on the functional group

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38. Which carboxylic acid is a major component of citric fruit?

A) Lactic acid
B) Formic acid
C) Citric acid
D) Acetic acid

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39. What is the main feature that distinguishes carboxylic acids from alcohols?

A) Presence of a hydroxyl group
B) Presence of a carboxyl group
C) Presence of a carbonyl group
D) Presence of an alkene

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40. Which acid is used to make soap through saponification?

A) Acetic acid
B) Palmitic acid
C) Benzoic acid
D) Citric acid

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41. Which of the following statements is true about carboxylic acids?

A) They are generally soluble in water.
B) They have lower boiling points than alcohols.
C) They are neutral in pH.
D) They do not form hydrogen bonds.

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42. What is the main reaction of carboxylic acids with alcohols in acidic conditions?

A) Dehydration
B) Esterification
C) Reduction
D) Hydrolysis

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43. Which of the following compounds is the simplest carboxylic acid?

A) Propanoic acid
B) Butanoic acid
C) Ethanoic acid
D) Methanoic acid

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44. Which reagent can be used to convert a carboxylic acid to an amide?

A) NH3
B) H2
C) LiAlH4
D) NaOH

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45. What type of bond is primarily responsible for the high boiling points of carboxylic acids?

A) Ionic bonds
B) Covalent bonds
C) Hydrogen bonds
D) Van der Waals forces

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46. Which of the following is a carboxylic acid used in the food industry?

A) Acetic acid
B) Tartaric acid
C) Citric acid
D) All of the above

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47. What is the primary use of sulfuric acid in carboxylic acid preparation?

A) Oxidizing agent
B) Dehydrating agent
C) Reducing agent
D) Hydrolyzing agent

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48. Which carboxylic acid is associated with the smell of rancid butter?

A) Butyric acid
B) Propanoic acid
C) Acetic acid
D) Lactic acid

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49. Which carboxylic acid can be formed by the oxidation of glucose?

A) Lactic acid
B) Citric acid
C) Acetic acid
D) Formic acid

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50. Which of the following methods is used to prepare carboxylic acids from alkyl halides?

A) Hydrolysis
B) Oxidation
C) Hydrolysis with water
D) Reduction

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51. What type of acid is found in lactic acid?

A) Monocarboxylic acid
B) Dicarboxylic acid
C) Aromatic acid
D) None of the above

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52. What is the primary product of the reaction of carboxylic acids with sodium carbonate?

A) Water
B) Sodium acetate
C) Carbon dioxide
D) All of the above

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53. What is the by-product formed when an acid reacts with a base?

A) Ester
B) Salt
C) Alcohol
D) Ether

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54. Which of the following acids is known for its use in car battery electrolyte?

A) Acetic acid
B) Nitric acid
C) Hydrochloric acid
D) Sulfuric acid

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55. What happens when a carboxylic acid is mixed with a strong base?

A) No reaction occurs
B) Formation of salt and water
C) Formation of gas
D) Neutralization without by-products

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56. Which acid is commonly used in hair straightening products?

A) Citric acid
B) Acetic acid
C) Lactic acid
D) Phosphoric acid

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57. Which carboxylic acid is produced during the fermentation of sugars?

A) Lactic acid
B) Acetic acid
C) Butyric acid
D) Propanoic acid

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58. Which of the following acids is a key intermediate in metabolic pathways?

A) Acetic acid
B) Lactic acid
C) Citric acid
D) All of the above

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59. What is the main feature that distinguishes strong acids from weak acids?

A) Ionization in solution
B) Molecular weight
C) Boiling point
D) Presence of carbon

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60. Which method can be used to prepare benzoic acid?

A) Hydrolysis of benzoyl chloride
B) Oxidation of toluene
C) Decarboxylation of phthalic acid
D) Both A and B

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61. Which of the following is a saturated carboxylic acid?

A) Butenoic acid
B) Butanoic acid
C) Benzoic acid
D) Cyclohexanoic acid

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62. What is the main use of carboxylic acids in the food industry?

A) Flavoring agents
B) Preservatives
C) pH regulators
D) All of the above

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63. Which of the following is a method to prepare fatty acids?

A) Saponification
B) Hydrolysis of triglycerides
C) Esterification
D) Both A and B

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64. What is the primary product when a carboxylic acid is treated with thionyl chloride?

A) Carboxylic acid chloride
B) Anhydride
C) Ester
D) Alcohol

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65. What is the product of the hydrolysis of an ester?

A) Carboxylic acid and alcohol
B) Ketone
C) Aldehyde
D) Amine

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66. Which of the following is a characteristic property of carboxylic acids?

A) They have a high pH.
B) They are generally soluble in water.
C) They do not form hydrogen bonds.
D) They are gaseous at room temperature.

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67. What is the role of sulfuric acid in the synthesis of carboxylic acids?

A) Catalyst
B) Reactant
C) Product
D) Solvent

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68. Which acid is responsible for the sour taste in citrus fruits?

A) Formic acid
B) Citric acid
C) Lactic acid
D) Acetic acid

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69. Which carboxylic acid is produced in muscle metabolism during intense exercise?

A) Lactic acid
B) Acetic acid
C) Butyric acid
D) Citric acid

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70. What is the reaction of a carboxylic acid with phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5)?

A) Formation of an acid chloride
B) Formation of an ester
C) Formation of a ketone
D) Hydrolysis

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71. Which carboxylic acid is known for its use in the preparation of esters and as a preservative?

A) Butyric acid
B) Citric acid
C) Acetic acid
D) Lactic acid

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72. Which of the following is a method for synthesizing carboxylic acids?

A) Oxidation of primary alcohols
B) Hydrolysis of nitriles
C) Decarboxylation of carboxylic acids
D) Both A and B

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73. What is the main property of a carboxylic acid that influences its reactivity?

A) Boiling point
B) Electronegativity
C) Polarity
D) Molecular weight

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74. Which carboxylic acid is associated with the process of fermentation?

A) Lactic acid
B) Acetic acid
C) Propanoic acid
D) Benzoic acid

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75. What is the main application of benzoic acid in the food industry?

A) Flavoring agent
B) Preservative
C) Coloring agent
D) Emulsifier

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76. Which acid is known for its use in vinegar?

A) Formic acid
B) Lactic acid
C) Acetic acid
D) Citric acid

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77. Which property of carboxylic acids affects their solubility in water?

A) Molecular size
B) Hydrogen bonding capability
C) Density
D) Boiling point

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78. Which of the following is a strong acid?

A) Acetic acid
B) Hydrochloric acid
C) Lactic acid
D) Benzoic acid

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79. What is the outcome of reacting acetic acid with sodium bicarbonate?

A) Formation of sodium acetate and carbon dioxide
B) Formation of water and sodium acetate
C) Formation of sodium chloride
D) No reaction

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80. Which method is used to convert an alcohol into a carboxylic acid?

A) Oxidation
B) Reduction
C) Hydrolysis
D) Esterification

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81. Which of the following compounds has the highest acidity?

A) Methanoic acid
B) Ethanoic acid
C) Butanoic acid
D) Propanoic acid

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82. What is the primary use of formic acid in agriculture?

A) Fertilizer
B) Herbicide
C) Pesticide
D) Soil conditioner

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83. Which of the following is a method for producing carboxylic acids from alkenes?

A) Ozonolysis
B) Hydration
C) Hydrolysis
D) Both A and B

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84. What is the primary product formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with a primary alcohol?

A) Ketone
B) Ester
C) Amide
D) Aldehyde

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85. Which of the following is a characteristic reaction of carboxylic acids?

A) Esterification
B) Reduction
C) Halogenation
D) Aromatic substitution

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86. What type of reaction occurs when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol?

A) Addition
B) Elimination
C) Esterification
D) Substitution

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87. Which of the following is a dicarboxylic acid?

A) Butanoic acid
B) Oxalic acid
C) Acetic acid
D) Formic acid

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88. Which property of carboxylic acids affects their boiling points?

A) Hydrogen bonding
B) Molecular weight
C) Presence of functional groups
D) All of the above

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89. Which carboxylic acid is known for its role in the Krebs cycle?

A) Citric acid
B) Acetic acid
C) Butyric acid
D) Lactic acid

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90. Which of the following carboxylic acids is a product of incomplete combustion of organic matter?

A) Acetic acid
B) Lactic acid
C) Formic acid
D) Propanoic acid

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91. What is the by-product of the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol?

A) Water
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Ester
D) Ether

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92. Which carboxylic acid is commonly found in dairy products?

A) Acetic acid
B) Lactic acid
C) Citric acid
D) Malic acid

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93. What is the effect of increasing carbon chain length on the boiling point of carboxylic acids?

A) Decreases boiling point
B) Increases boiling point
C) No effect
D) It depends on the functional group

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94. Which of the following acids is considered a strong acid?

A) Acetic acid
B) Citric acid
C) Sulfuric acid
D) Lactic acid

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95. What happens when carboxylic acids react with metals?

A) No reaction occurs
B) Formation of hydrogen gas
C) Formation of salts
D) Both B and C

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96. What is the main use of acetic acid in industry?

A) Solvent
B) Food preservative
C) Flavoring agent
D) All of the above

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97. Which of the following carboxylic acids is derived from the hydrolysis of fats?

A) Formic acid
B) Butyric acid
C) Palmitic acid
D) All of the above

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98. Which property makes carboxylic acids more reactive than alcohols?

A) Presence of a carbonyl group
B) Presence of a hydroxyl group
C) Presence of a carboxyl group
D) Presence of an alkene

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99. Which carboxylic acid is used in the production of nylon?

A) Acetic acid
B) Lactic acid
C) Adipic acid
D) Citric acid

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100. Which property of carboxylic acids contributes to their acidity?

A) Electronegativity of the carboxyl group
B) Size of the carbon chain
C) Hydrogen bonding
D) Presence of a double bond

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