Software Requirement Engineering MCQs

A) To develop software architecture
B) To gather, analyze, specify, and validate requirements
C) To write code
D) To conduct user training

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2. What are ‘functional requirements’?

A) Requirements that specify what the system should do
B) Requirements that specify how the system should perform
C) Requirements related to system usability
D) Requirements regarding performance metrics

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3. Which of the following is NOT a type of requirement?

A) Business requirements
B) User requirements
C) Technical requirements
D) Analytical requirements

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4. What is a ‘stakeholder’ in requirements engineering?

A) Anyone involved in the software development process
B) A person who has an interest in the project or its outcome
C) A programmer who writes code
D) A manager who oversees project development

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5. What is the purpose of a ‘requirements specification document’?

A) To outline the design of the software
B) To provide a detailed description of the requirements
C) To outline the testing process
D) To create user manuals

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6. What is ‘requirements elicitation’?

A) The process of gathering requirements from stakeholders
B) The process of documenting requirements
C) The process of testing requirements
D) The process of validating requirements

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7. What is ‘scope creep’?

A) The process of defining project scope
B) Uncontrolled changes or continuous growth in a project’s scope
C) The closure of project requirements
D) The documentation of requirements

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8. Which of the following is a common technique for requirements elicitation?

A) Code reviews
B) Prototyping
C) Debugging
D) Performance testing

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9. What does ‘SMART’ criteria stand for in requirement specifications?

A) Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound
B) Simple, Manageable, Achievable, Realistic, Time-sensitive
C) Specific, Meaningful, Accurate, Realistic, Testable
D) Scalable, Manageable, Achievable, Reliable, Traceable

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10. What is a ‘use case’?

A) A description of how users interact with a system to achieve a goal
B) A design document for software
C) A testing method for software
D) A type of software requirement

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11. What is the ‘requirements traceability matrix’?

A) A document that tracks the progress of development
B) A tool for managing stakeholder communication
C) A document that links requirements to their sources and tests
D) A checklist for user acceptance

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12. What is the difference between ‘user requirements’ and ‘system requirements’?

A) User requirements are technical, while system requirements are non-technical
B) User requirements describe what the user wants, while system requirements describe how the system will fulfill those needs
C) There is no difference; they are the same
D) User requirements are only for software developers

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13. What is ‘requirements validation’?

A) The process of ensuring that requirements meet stakeholder needs
B) The process of documenting requirements
C) The process of gathering requirements
D) The process of implementing requirements

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14. What is ‘business requirements analysis’?

A) An analysis of the financial aspects of a project
B) An evaluation of the business needs that the software will address
C) A method for gathering user feedback
D) A technique for testing software performance

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15. What is ‘prototyping’ in the context of requirements engineering?

A) A method to develop final software
B) Creating a preliminary version of the system to understand requirements better
C) A technique for testing software
D) A way to gather user feedback after deployment

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16. Which of the following describes a ‘non-functional requirement’?

A) It specifies what the system should do
B) It defines how the system should perform under certain conditions
C) It provides a user interface design
D) It outlines the system architecture

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17. What is the significance of ‘stakeholder analysis’?

A) To identify and understand the needs and expectations of stakeholders
B) To analyze software performance
C) To evaluate coding standards
D) To determine project costs

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18. What does ‘requirement prioritization’ involve?

A) Organizing requirements based on their importance and urgency
B) Documenting all requirements in detail
C) Eliminating less important requirements
D) Combining similar requirements

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19. What is the role of a ‘requirements engineer’?

A) To write code for the software
B) To gather, analyze, and manage software requirements
C) To test the software
D) To design the user interface

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20. What is a ‘functional specification’?

A) A document detailing how the software will perform tasks
B) A document that outlines user requirements
C) A performance testing report
D) A project budget

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21. Which of the following tools can assist in managing requirements?

A) Code repositories
B) Project management software
C) Requirements management software
D) Performance testing tools

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22. What is ‘elicitation technique’?

A) A method used to gather requirements from stakeholders
B) A way to document requirements
C) A technique for validating requirements
D) A testing method for requirements

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23. What is the significance of ‘user stories’ in Agile development?

A) They describe the user’s needs in a simple, informal way
B) They provide detailed technical specifications
C) They are only for documentation purposes
D) They replace formal requirement documents

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24. What is a ‘requirement gap’?

A) The difference between current capabilities and desired capabilities
B) The space between two requirements
C) A missing requirement in documentation
D) The time taken to gather requirements

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25. What does ‘risk analysis’ in requirements engineering aim to achieve?

A) To identify potential problems that could impact project success
B) To evaluate the project’s cost
C) To document all requirements
D) To develop the software

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26. What is a ‘requirements freeze’?

A) A point in time when no more changes can be made to the requirements
B) A temporary halt in the development process
C) A process for gathering requirements
D) A phase for user acceptance testing

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27. Which of the following is a benefit of using prototypes in requirements engineering?

A) They eliminate the need for formal documentation
B) They help visualize and refine requirements early in the project
C) They ensure all requirements are met
D) They replace user feedback

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28. What is the primary outcome of requirements validation?

A) Ensuring that requirements are documented
B) Confirming that requirements align with stakeholder needs
C) Gathering user feedback
D) Evaluating project costs

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29. What is a ‘change request’ in requirements management?

A) A proposal to alter existing requirements
B) A document outlining user requirements
C) A method for gathering feedback
D) A report on project progress

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30. What does ‘use case diagram’ represent?

A) A visual representation of user interactions with the system
B) A technical specification of the software
C) A list of all requirements
D) A performance report

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31. What is the main goal of ‘requirement gathering’?

A) To collect information from stakeholders to define software needs
B) To write code
C) To conduct performance testing
D) To implement software features

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32. What is ‘assumption’ in requirements engineering?

A) A statement that is accepted as true without proof
B) A detailed requirement
C) A verification of requirements
D) A test case

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33. What is the function of ‘requirements management’?

A) To track and control requirements throughout the project lifecycle
B) To write the final software code
C) To develop test cases
D) To evaluate performance metrics

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34. What is meant by ‘requirements elicitation techniques’?

A) Methods to gather requirements from stakeholders
B) Strategies to eliminate requirements
C) Procedures for testing requirements
D) Approaches for documenting requirements

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35. What is a ‘data dictionary’ in the context of requirements?

A) A tool to define data elements and their relationships
B) A document for user manuals
C) A code repository
D) A test case document

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36. What is ‘stakeholder communication’ important for?

A) To keep stakeholders informed and engaged in the requirements process
B) To document requirements
C) To conduct performance testing
D) To write user manuals

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37. What is the purpose of a ‘requirements workshop’?

A) To bring stakeholders together to discuss and clarify requirements
B) To train developers
C) To conduct performance testing
D) To document software architecture

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38. What does ‘user acceptance testing’ (UAT) evaluate?

A) Whether the software meets the defined requirements and is acceptable to users
B) The performance of the software under load
C) The technical performance of the system
D) The usability of the system for developers

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39. What is ‘process modeling’ in requirements engineering?

A) The activity of creating a visual representation of processes to identify requirements
B) A way to document test cases
C) The practice of gathering feedback from users
D) A method for coding software

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40. What are ‘user personas’?

A) Fictional characters representing user types to help understand user needs
B) Actual users of the software
C) Stakeholders in the project
D) Technical specifications

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41. What is ‘system architecture’ in relation to requirements?

A) A blueprint for how the system is structured and how components interact
B) A document for user requirements
C) A testing methodology
D) A coding standard

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42. What is the role of ‘requirements modeling’?

A) To create a visual representation of requirements and their relationships
B) To write the code
C) To conduct user acceptance testing
D) To gather requirements from stakeholders

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43. What is ‘traceability’ in requirements engineering?

A) The ability to link requirements to their source and test cases
B) The documentation of all requirements
C) A process for gathering user feedback
D) A method for performance testing

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44. What is ‘requirements gap analysis’?

A) A method for identifying discrepancies between current and desired states
B) A tool for writing test cases
C) A process for gathering requirements
D) A technique for documenting requirements

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45. What is ‘requirements conflict’?

A) A situation where two or more requirements are contradictory
B) A disagreement among stakeholders
C) A missing requirement
D) A lack of requirements documentation

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46. What does ‘user feedback’ contribute to the requirements process?

A) It helps validate and refine requirements based on real user needs
B) It eliminates the need for documentation
C) It ensures the software performs efficiently
D) It is not relevant to requirements engineering

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47. What is ‘requirements gathering process’?

A) A series of activities to collect and document software requirements
B) A method for testing requirements
C) A phase of coding software
D) A way to gather user feedback

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48. What is a ‘functional requirement specification’ document?

A) A detailed description of the functional requirements of a system
B) A report on system performance
C) A document for user manuals
D) A project budget

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49. What does ‘requirement completeness’ refer to?

A) Ensuring all necessary requirements are included and defined
B) The finalization of documentation
C) The testing of requirements
D) The approval of stakeholders

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50. What is ‘impact analysis’ in requirements engineering?

A) Assessing the effects of changes to requirements on the project
B) Gathering user feedback
C) Documenting requirements
D) Testing software performance

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51. What is the role of ‘prototyping’ in the requirements process?

A) To create a preliminary version of the software to clarify requirements
B) To finalize user documentation
C) To conduct performance tests
D) To gather user feedback after deployment

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52. What is ‘requirements documentation’?

A) The process of writing down all identified requirements
B) The process of coding software
C) The act of gathering feedback from users
D) The evaluation of performance metrics

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53. What are ‘acceptance criteria’?

A) Conditions that must be met for a requirement to be considered fulfilled
B) A description of user requirements
C) Performance testing standards
D) Design specifications

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54. What does ‘functional decomposition’ involve?

A) Breaking down complex requirements into simpler, more manageable parts
B) Evaluating software performance
C) Writing detailed documentation
D) Gathering user feedback

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55. What is ‘requirements change management’?

A) A systematic approach to handling changes in requirements
B) A process for gathering requirements
C) A method for writing code
D) A way to validate requirements

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56. What is the importance of ‘clear requirements’?

A) They reduce ambiguity and misunderstandings in software development
B) They increase project costs
C) They eliminate the need for testing
D) They are not significant

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57. What is the outcome of a ‘requirements review’?

A) Identification of issues, inconsistencies, and gaps in the requirements
B) Finalization of the software design
C) User acceptance of the software
D) Performance testing results

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58. What is a ‘requirement elicitation interview’?

A) A one-on-one discussion with stakeholders to gather requirements
B) A formal presentation of project requirements
C) A testing phase of the software
D) A report on user feedback

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59. What is ‘requirements engineering process’?

A) A structured approach to gathering, analyzing, and managing requirements
B) A method for writing code
C) A testing methodology
D) A documentation standard

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60. What is the purpose of ‘requirements visualization’?

A) To create diagrams or models that represent requirements for better understanding
B) To document requirements in text form
C) To gather user feedback
D) To conduct performance testing

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61. What does ‘requirements negotiation’ involve?

A) Discussions among stakeholders to agree on conflicting requirements
B) The process of documenting requirements
C) A testing phase of the software
D) A coding activity

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62. What is ‘agile requirements engineering’?

A) A flexible approach to gathering and managing requirements in Agile projects
B) A method for writing technical specifications
C) A testing methodology
D) A phase of project closure

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63. What is the significance of ‘requirement categories’?

A) They help organize requirements based on their type and priority
B) They eliminate the need for documentation
C) They increase project costs
D) They are not significant

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64. What is a ‘requirement backlog’?

A) A prioritized list of requirements that need to be addressed
B) A document that outlines all completed requirements
C) A report on user acceptance
D) A checklist for performance testing

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65. What does ‘requirements sign-off’ signify?

A) Formal approval of requirements by stakeholders
B) Finalization of coding
C) Completion of performance testing
D) Documentation of requirements

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66. What is ‘contextual inquiry’?

A) A user-centered design research method that involves observing users in their environment
B) A testing phase of software
C) A method for writing documentation
D) A phase of coding

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67. What is a ‘vision statement’ in requirements engineering?

A) A high-level description of what the software aims to achieve
B) A detailed technical specification
C) A report on project progress
D) A budget estimate

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68. What does ‘stakeholder engagement’ refer to?

A) The process of involving stakeholders throughout the requirements process
B) A technique for gathering requirements
C) A method for testing software
D) A process for coding

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69. What is ‘use case modeling’?

A) The practice of creating models to visualize user interactions with the system
B) A method for writing test cases
C) A documentation technique
D) A coding standard

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70. What does ‘requirements discovery’ mean?

A) The process of identifying and documenting requirements
B) A method for testing software
C) A way to validate requirements
D) A technique for coding

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71. What is ‘customer journey mapping’?

A) A visual representation of the customer’s experience with the software
B) A document for coding standards
C) A report on performance testing
D) A method for user documentation

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72. What is a ‘risk mitigation plan’ in the context of requirements?

A) A strategy to reduce risks associated with changing requirements
B) A method for gathering user feedback
C) A documentation standard
D) A coding approach

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73. What does ‘requirements analysis’ involve?

A) The process of examining and understanding gathered requirements
B) A method for coding
C) A way to gather user feedback
D) A testing procedure

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74. What is a ‘requirements validation checklist’?

A) A list of criteria to ensure all requirements are accurate and complete
B) A document for user manuals
C) A report on performance testing
D) A coding guideline

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75. What does ‘incremental development’ refer to in requirements engineering?

A) A process of developing software in small, manageable increments
B) A method for gathering user feedback
C) A way to document requirements
D) A technique for performance testing

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76. What is ‘feedback loop’ in the context of requirements?

A) A process of receiving user feedback and refining requirements accordingly
B) A method for documenting requirements
C) A testing methodology
D) A coding standard

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77. What is ‘requirements architecture’?

A) A structured framework for organizing and managing requirements
B) A design document for the software
C) A coding standard
D) A testing guideline

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78. What is a ‘work breakdown structure’ (WBS) in project management?

A) A hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work
B) A coding guideline
C) A documentation standard
D) A testing methodology

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79. What is ‘requirements performance evaluation’?

A) Assessing how well the requirements align with stakeholder needs
B) Evaluating the coding standards
C) Testing software performance
D) Gathering user feedback

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80. What is ‘requirements comparison’?

A) Evaluating different sets of requirements against each other
B) A method for testing software
C) A way to gather user feedback
D) A documentation technique

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81. What does ‘requirement modification’ involve?

A) Changes made to existing requirements based on feedback or analysis
B) Documenting requirements
C) Writing code
D) Conducting performance tests

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82. What is a ‘business case’ in requirements engineering?

A) A justification for the project, outlining the benefits and costs
B) A document for user manuals
C) A report on performance testing
D) A coding guideline

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83. What is ‘scenario analysis’?

A) An examination of different scenarios to understand requirements better
B) A coding approach
C) A testing methodology
D) A documentation standard

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84. What does ‘continuous feedback’ refer to in Agile requirements engineering?

A) Ongoing input from stakeholders throughout the development process
B) A method for documenting requirements
C) A testing approach
D) A coding standard

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85. What is the purpose of a ‘requirement specification review’?

A) To ensure that requirements are clear, complete, and accurate
B) To finalize coding
C) To gather user feedback
D) To test performance

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86. What does ‘requirements exploration’ involve?

A) Investigating new ideas and possibilities for requirements
B) A way to validate requirements
C) A method for documenting requirements
D) A testing technique

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87. What is the significance of ‘prioritizing requirements’?

A) It helps focus on the most important requirements first
B) It eliminates the need for documentation
C) It increases project costs
D) It is not significant

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88. What is a ‘risk register’?

A) A document that records risks identified during requirements engineering
B) A report on project progress
C) A document for user manuals
D) A coding guideline

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89. What does ‘user-centered design’ emphasize in requirements engineering?

A) Focusing on the needs and experiences of users
B) Eliminating all technical requirements
C) Prioritizing coding standards
D) Conducting performance tests

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90. What is ‘requirements gathering tools’?

A) Software or methods used to facilitate the collection of requirements
B) Code repositories
C) Testing tools
D) Performance metrics

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91. What does ‘incremental requirement gathering’ refer to?

A) Collecting requirements in small, manageable batches over time
B) A method for testing software
C) A technique for coding
D) A way to document requirements

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92. What is the role of ‘visual aids’ in requirements engineering?

A) To help stakeholders understand and visualize requirements better
B) To document requirements
C) To code the software
D) To test performance

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93. What does ‘soft requirements’ refer to?

A) Requirements that are flexible and can change
B) Technical requirements that are complex
C) Requirements that are mandatory
D) A type of performance metric

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94. What is the main focus of ‘requirements engineering in Agile’?

A) Adapting requirements to changing project needs and stakeholder feedback
B) Strict adherence to initial requirements
C) Formal documentation of requirements
D) Elimination of user feedback

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95. What is ‘risk management’ in the context of requirements?

A) Identifying and mitigating risks associated with requirements changes
B) Gathering user feedback
C) Writing code
D) Conducting performance tests

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96. What does ‘requirement engagement’ refer to?

A) Involving stakeholders in the requirements process actively
B) Writing technical specifications
C) Conducting performance testing
D) Gathering user feedback

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97. What is ‘collaborative requirements engineering’?

A) A process that involves multiple stakeholders working together to define requirements
B) A method for coding
C) A way to conduct performance tests
D) A documentation technique

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98. What does ‘quantitative requirements’ refer to?

A) Requirements that can be measured and expressed numerically
B) Requirements that are subjective
C) Technical requirements
D) User experience requirements

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99. What is ‘requirements culture’?

A) The values and practices surrounding requirements engineering within an organization
B) A coding standard
C) A documentation practice
D) A testing methodology

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100. What does ‘stakeholder satisfaction’ indicate in requirements engineering?

A) The extent to which stakeholders feel their needs are met
B) The completion of coding
C) The success of performance tests
D) The documentation of requirements

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101. What is a ‘service-level agreement’ (SLA) in requirements?

A) A contract that outlines expected service performance and responsibilities
B) A document for user manuals
C) A performance testing report
D) A coding guideline

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102. What does ‘evolutionary prototyping’ mean?

A) Creating a prototype that evolves based on user feedback and changing requirements
B) Developing a final product without user input
C) Eliminating the need for testing
D) A method for coding

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103. What is ‘requirements testing’?

A) The process of verifying that requirements are met by the final product
B) A method for coding
C) A documentation standard
D) A performance evaluation

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104. What does ‘requirements reflection’ entail?

A) Reviewing and reassessing requirements after gathering feedback
B) A method for coding
C) A documentation technique
D) A testing approach

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105. What is ‘technical feasibility’ in requirements engineering?

A) Evaluating whether the proposed requirements can be realistically implemented
B) Assessing user needs
C) Documenting requirements
D) A method for coding

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106. What is the purpose of a ‘requirement traceability matrix’?

A) To track the origin and status of each requirement
B) To document user feedback
C) To code the software
D) To conduct performance testing

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107. What does ‘stakeholder analysis’ involve?

A) Identifying and understanding the needs and influence of stakeholders
B) A method for coding
C) Conducting performance tests
D) Writing user manuals

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108. What is the role of ‘business analysts’ in requirements engineering?

A) To gather and define requirements based on stakeholder needs
B) To conduct performance testing
C) To write code
D) To manage project budgets

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109. What does ‘requirements prioritization’ help achieve?

A) It ensures that critical requirements are addressed first
B) It eliminates the need for documentation
C) It reduces project costs
D) It increases ambiguity

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110. What is ‘user story mapping’?

A) A technique for visualizing user stories to understand user journeys
B) A method for writing technical documentation
C) A coding strategy
D) A performance testing technique

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111. What is the significance of ‘non-functional requirements’?

A) They define the quality attributes and constraints of the system
B) They are irrelevant to the project
C) They only focus on performance
D) They eliminate the need for functional requirements

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112. What is ‘requirement elaboration’?

A) The process of refining and detailing requirements further
B) A method for testing software
C) A documentation technique
D) A coding standard

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113. What does ‘scenario-based requirements gathering’ involve?

A) Using scenarios to elicit and clarify user requirements
B) Writing technical specifications
C) Conducting performance tests
D) A method for coding

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114. What is a ‘requirements backlog grooming’?

A) The process of reviewing and prioritizing the requirements backlog
B) A method for testing software
C) A coding standard
D) A technique for writing user manuals

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115. What does ‘requirements scope creep’ refer to?

A) The gradual expansion of requirements beyond the original project scope
B) The elimination of unnecessary requirements
C) A method for documenting requirements
D) A performance testing issue

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116. What is ‘functional testing’?

A) A type of testing to verify that the software meets the specified functional requirements
B) A method for writing code
C) A technique for gathering requirements
D) A documentation standard

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117. What is ‘stakeholder consensus’?

A) Agreement among stakeholders on the requirements and project direction
B) The process of gathering individual feedback
C) A coding standard
D) A testing methodology

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118. What does ‘knowledge transfer’ in requirements engineering involve?

A) Sharing information and insights among team members and stakeholders
B) Documenting user feedback
C) Conducting performance tests
D) Writing code

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119. What is the purpose of ‘requirement specification’?

A) To clearly document all identified requirements
B) To eliminate the need for user feedback
C) To conduct performance testing
D) To manage project risks

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120. What is ‘continuous integration’ in the context of requirements?

A) A practice of regularly merging code changes and ensuring they meet requirements
B) A documentation standard
C) A method for gathering user feedback
D) A testing approach

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121. What is the focus of ‘quality assurance’ in requirements engineering?

A) Ensuring that requirements are accurately defined and met during the project
B) Writing code
C) Conducting user acceptance testing
D) Documenting performance metrics

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122. What does ‘collaboration tools’ refer to in requirements engineering?

A) Software applications that facilitate teamwork and communication among stakeholders
B) Performance testing tools
C) Code repositories
D) User documentation

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123. What is ‘product vision’ in the context of requirements?

A) A clear statement of what the product aims to achieve and its value to users
B) A technical specification document
C) A project budget
D) A performance evaluation

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124. What is ‘risk assessment’ in requirements engineering?

A) The process of identifying and evaluating potential risks related to requirements
B) A method for coding
C) A testing procedure
D) A documentation standard

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125. What is ‘performance requirement’?

A) A specification of how the system should perform under various conditions
B) A non-functional requirement
C) A technical specification
D) A coding guideline

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126. What is ‘user acceptance testing’ (UAT)?